Vasomotor symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and night sweats, have a significant impact on women’s quality of life. These symptoms can be managed with a variety of strategies, including non-pharmacological treatment, non-hormonal medications, and hormonal treatment. But how effective are these strategies and what is the latest research in this area? This article delves deeper into these topics.
Non-pharmacological therapy for vasomotor symptoms
Non-pharmacological treatment is generally the first-line treatment to manage vasomotor symptoms. This includes lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy weight, getting enough sleep, and participating in regular physical activity. Although these changes don’t directly change the hormonal imbalances that cause menopause symptoms, they can reduce their severity and help women cope better.
Non-hormonal medications
In situations where lifestyle changes are not enough, non-hormonal medications may be prescribed. Paroxetine and venlafaxine, two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can reduce hot flashes. Gabapentin, an antiepileptic drug, has also been shown to be effective. Recently, fezolinetant has shown promise in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. This new non-hormonal therapy significantly reduced the frequency and severity of symptoms compared to a placebo in two phase 3 randomized controlled trials. It also helped reduce patient-reported sleep disturbances in women unsuitable for hormone therapy.
Hormone therapy
Hormone therapy is another option for treating vasomotor symptoms. It is also approved for genitourinary symptoms, prevention of osteoporosis and premature menopause. However, hormone therapy carries its own risks and benefits, which should be carefully weighed as part of a shared decision-making process with a health care provider. Regular monitoring is crucial to ensure therapy is effective and manage potential side effects.
Quality of life of women with vasomotor symptoms
A recent study compared hormonal therapy and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in terms of their impact on quality of life (QoL) in women with vasomotor and/or genitourinary symptoms of menopause. Interestingly, neither hormone therapy nor CAM was associated with quality of life. However, there were significant differences in self-reported quality of life within different racial/ethnic groups, indicating that individual experiences and perceptions may play a crucial role in the effectiveness of these treatments.
Future treatments for vasomotor symptoms
Research and development in the area of managing menopausal symptoms is ongoing. For example, Mithra Pharmaceuticals is in the process of obtaining FDA approval for DONESTA, a new drug for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause. If approved, it would provide a new option for those seeking relief from these often debilitating symptoms.
In conclusion, management of vasomotor symptoms of menopause requires a multifaceted approach, taking into account both nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments. Women should be encouraged to discuss their symptoms with health care providers and explore the best possible treatment options tailored to their individual needs and preferences.
